Understand the operation of addition and of subtraction (as 'take away', 'difference' and 'how many more to make'), and use the related vocabulary. Begin to recognise that addition can be done in any order. Begin to use the +, - and = signs to record mental calculations in a number sentence, and to recognise the use of symbols such as ϑ or Δ to stand for an unknown number.
Use knowledge that addition can be done in any order to do mental calculations more efficiently.
For example: put the larger number first and count on in ones, including beyond 10 (e.g. 7 + 5).
Choose and use the appropriate number operations and mental strategy to solve problems.