- Ask pupils the purpose of cells and batteries in a circuit. Provide cells and batteries marked with different voltages,
eg 1.5, 4.5, 9V, and link their use with the concept of energy as 'the ability to make things happen',
eg greater voltage rating, more bulbs light, so that voltage is understood simply as what makes the current flow.
- Raise the issue of polarity of cells and ask pupils to name a simple rule for connecting cells to make a battery,
eg in a series positive connects to negative. Show the inside of a dry cell, identifying the connections to the positive and negative electrodes. Link the chemical origin of the cell's voltage to pupils' experience of 'leaking' and 'dead' batteries.
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- identify a cell or battery as a source of energy
- describe why cells have positive and negative terminals, and connect them correctly in circuits
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