At the end of this unit
in terms of scientific enquiry
most pupils will: make predictions about upthrust, test these and relate their findings to scientific knowledge; make suitably precise observations, including repeats to check reliability, and use these to plot graphs; investigate friction, identifying and controlling key factors
some pupils will not have made so much progress and will: make predictions about upthrust, test these and identify patterns in their results; with help plot graphs of their results; make relevant observations using appropriate equipment
some pupils will have progressed further and will: explain how they made a fair comparison in their investigation of friction; interpret their results on floating, using knowledge of balanced forces to explain conclusions; explain how the scales they chose and lines they drew on graphs enabled them to show data effectively
in terms of physical processes
most pupils will: identify directions in which forces act and describe situations in which forces are balanced; distinguish between mass and weight, giving examples; describe some ways of reducing friction and some situations in which friction is useful; describe what is meant by speed
some pupils will not have made so much progress and will: identify forces, eg friction, upthrust and weight; recognise that friction opposes motion, upthrust pushes upwards and weight pulls downwards; compare speeds qualitatively
some pupils will have progressed further and will: show how forces can combine to give a resultant effect which depends on both the sizes and directions of the forces; describe how weight is caused by gravity and how gravity is different on the Earth and on the Moon; explain contact friction in simple terms
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