It is helpful if pupils:
- know that there are rocks under the surface of the Earth and that soils come from rocks
- can name some examples and uses of rocks
- know that solids, liquids and gases are made of particles and about differences between the way particles are arranged in solids and liquids
- have experience of determining the pH of a solution and relating this to acidity or alkalinity
- know that dissolved solids are left behind when water evaporates
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