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Science at key stage 3    (Year 8)

Unit 8I: Heating and cooling
Section 12: e. How do materials change when they are heated and cooled?

QCA

Objectives
Children should learn:
  • that radiation energy (infrared) can travel through a vacuum

Activities

Outcomes
Children:
  • Conduction and convection both need particles to carry energy when heat is transferred. Ask pupils if heat can travel through nothing at all (a vacuum).
  • Draw connections between the behaviour of heat and light from the Sun, eg both radiate from the source. Demonstrate focusing (use of burning glass) and reflection of infrared radiation using radiant heaters or hot light bulbs.
  • distinguish between transfer of thermal energy via conduction and convection and transfer by radiation, with reference to requirement for a medium

Points to note
  • Make the distinction from sound, which does need a medium to travel. Beware of pupils confusing thermal radiation with radioactivity (often called radiation).

    • Safety

    • beware of trailing leads if using mains equipment. Ensure that pupils cannot touch heating elements

Sections in this unit

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This unit is divided into sections. Each section contains a sequence of activities with related objectives and outcomes. You can view this unit by moving through the sections or print/download the whole unit.
1. a. What's the temperature?
2. b. What's the temperature?
3. a. How do things get hotter or colder?
4. b. How do things get hotter or colder?
5. c. How do things get hotter or colder?
6. d. How do things get hotter or colder?
7. e. How do things get hotter or colder?
8. a. How do materials change when they are heated and cooled?
9. b. How do materials change when they are heated and cooled?
10. c. How do materials change when they are heated and cooled?
11. d. How do materials change when they are heated and cooled?
12. e. How do materials change when they are heated and cooled?
13. a. How can we reduce energy waste?
14. b. How can we reduce energy waste?
15. Checking progress
16. How can we explain change of state?
17. Reviewing work