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Science at key stage 3    (Year 9)

Unit 9B: Fit and healthy
Section 9: b. What else can we do to maintain fitness?

QCA

Objectives
Children should learn:
  • how simple joints function
  • that inappropriate exercise or too much exercise can be harmful to muscles and weak or damaged joints
  • that scientists work together to develop and apply ideas

Activities

Outcomes
Children:
  • Ask pupils about sports-related injuries and how some of these occur, and ask them to suggest how some might have been avoided. Discuss with pupils what happens if they participate in an unfamiliar amount or form of exercise. Show pupils secondary sources, eg photographs, diagrams, video clips, software simulations, that show the structure and functioning of joints and muscle systems and discuss with them some of the problems that can occur. Ask pupils how these problems may be dealt with, if possible showing a replacement joint, and what kinds of exercise might reduce damage.
  • Provide pupils with a case study, eg of a treatment for a sports injury, a hip replacement, and ask them to identify the different scientists who will have been involved, eg in developing new materials, new techniques, in trialling, in carrying out treatment, and to present their findings, eg as a flow chart or diagram.
  • describe how a joint, eg hip, knee, functions
  • identify how injury or wear and tear can impair the functioning of a joint
  • describe the role of different scientists in a medical development

Points to note
  • Pupils can use newspaper/magazine articles and the internet as sources of information about sports injuries. A physiotherapist could be invited to talk about accident and sports injuries.
  • It is not necessary to go into detail about the different types of joints.
  • Work on how bones, muscles and joints operate as levers is included in unit 9L 'Pressure and moments'.

Sections in this unit

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This unit is divided into sections. Each section contains a sequence of activities with related objectives and outcomes. You can view this unit by moving through the sections or print/download the whole unit.
1. a. What do we mean by fit?
2. b. What do we mean by fit?
3. What helps the respiratory system to function?
4. What is the effect of smoking on the lungs and other body systems?
5. a. Why is diet important?
6. b. Why is diet important?
7. How does alcohol affect the body?
8. a. What else can we do to maintain fitness?
9. b. What else can we do to maintain fitness?
10. a. What effects do drugs have?
11. b. What effects do drugs have?
12. Are we healthier than our great-grandparents were?
13. Reviewing work